LIBYA

Libya (Arabic: ليبيا‎), officially the State of Libya (Arabic: دولة ليبيا) is a country in the Maghreb region in North Africa, bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, Egypt to the east, Sudan to the southeast, Chad to the south, Niger to the southwest, Algeria to the west, and Tunisia to the northwest. The sovereign state is made of three historical regions: Tripolitania, Fezzan and Cyrenaica. With an area of almost 1.8 million square kilometres (700,000 sq mi), Libya is the fourth largest country in Africa, and is the 16th largest country in the world. Libya has the 10th-largest proven oil reserves of any country in the world. The largest city and capital, Tripoli, is located in western Libya and contains over one million of Libya's six million people. The second-largest city is Benghazi, which is located in eastern Libya.

The Latin name Libya is based on the name the region west of the Nile (Λιβύη) used by the Ancient Greeks and Romans for all of North Africa, and was again adopted during the period of Italian colonization beginning in 1911. Libya became independent as a kingdom in 1951. A military coup in 1969 overthrew King Idris I. The "bloodless"coup leader Muammar Gaddafi ruled the country from 1969 and the Libyan Cultural Revolution in 1973 until he was overthrown and killed in the 2011 Libyan Civil War.

The first stamps used in Libya were the stamps of the Ottoman Empire. The area which is now Libya was originally a vilayet of the Ottoman Empire which was ceded to Italy in 1912 and became an Italian colony. Stamps of Italy were issued from 1912 overprinted Libia and later Italian colonial issues were issued specifically for Libya. The first definitives were issued in 1921, inscribed Libia Colonie Italiane. From 1924 to 1934 Tripolitania and Cyrenaica also had their own stamps before being unified in 1934, with Fezzan, as the Italian colony of Libya. All stamps of colonial Libya were printed at the Italian Government Printing Works. Italian colonial issues continued until 1943 when Italian Libya was overrun by the British Army during the Second World War. British stamps overprinted M.E.F. (Middle East Forces) were used from 1943 to 1948 after the area was captured by the British during World War II. 

From 1 July 1948 stamps overprinted B.M.A. TRIPOLITANIA were used. Tripolitania only, used stamps marked B.A. TRIPOLITANIA from 6 February 1950 to December 1951. Fezzan and Ghadames was a territory in the southern part of the former Italian colony of Libya controlled by the French from 1943 until Libyan independence in 1951. It was part of the Allied administration of Libya.  Cyrenaica enjoyed a brief period of internal autonomy in 1949-51 when the British authorities recognised Amir Mohammed Idris Al-Senussi as Emir of Cyrenaica. Definitive and postage due stamps were issued in 1950.

On 24 December 1951 Cyrenaica, Tripolitania and Fezzan were unified as the Kingdom of Libya. The first stamps of the kingdom of Libya were issued on 24 December 1951 and were overprinted stamps of Cyrenaica. Three different types of overprint in three currencies were issued, for the three provinces of Cyrenaica, Tripolitania and Fezzan, reflecting the different currencies still in use in the three zones formerly administered by the Allies.

The first stamps inscribed Kingdom of Libya were issued on 15 April 1952. A variety of inscriptions were used until 1969 including Libye, Libya, Libia and United Kingdom of Libia or Libya. n 1969 King Idris I was deposed in a military coup and stamps including the word Kingdom were altered in a variety of ways to delete that word. Stamps were first issued marked L.A.R. then LAR and from the 1970s began to be inscribed Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya with equivalent wording in Arabic.