Mexico (Spanish: México
, Nahuatl languages: Mēxihco), officially the United Mexican
States (Spanish: Estados Unidos
Mexicanos, EUM), is a country in the southern portion of North America. It is bordered to the north by the United States; to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; to the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and to the east by the Gulf of Mexico. Covering 1,972,550 square kilometers
(761,610 sq mi), Mexico is the 13th-largest country in
the world, and with approximately 128,649,565 inhabitants, it is the world's 10th-most populous country
and most populous Spanish-speaking nation.
Mexico is a federation comprising 31 states, including Mexico City (CDMX), which is the capital city and its largest metropolis. Other major urban areas
include Guadalajara, Monterrey, Puebla, Toluca, Tijuana, Ciudad Juárez, and León.
Mexico ranks fourth in the
world in biodiversity and is one of the 17 megadiverse countries.
With over 200,000 different species, Mexico is home of 10–12% of the world's
biodiversity. Mexico ranks first in biodiversity in reptiles with 707 known species, second in mammals with 438
species, fourth in amphibians with 290 species, and fourth in
flora, with 26,000 different species. Mexico is also considered the second
country in the world in ecosystems and fourth in overall species.
About 2,500 species are protected by Mexican legislations. In Mexico, 170,000
square kilometres (65,637 sq mi) are considered "Protected
Natural Areas". These include 34 biosphere reserves (unaltered
ecosystems), 67 national parks, 4
natural monuments (protected in perpetuity for their aesthetic, scientific or
historical value), 26 areas of protected flora and fauna, 4 areas for natural
resource protection (conservation of soil, hydrological basins and forests) and
17 sanctuaries (zones rich in diverse species). The discovery of the
Americas brought to the rest of the world many widely used food crops and edible plants. Some of Mexico's native culinary ingredients include: chocolate, avocado, tomato, maize, vanilla, guava, chayote, epazote, camote, jícama, nopal,
zucchini, tejocote, huitlacoche, sapote, mamey sapote, many varieties of beans,
and an even greater variety of chiles, such as the habanero and the jalapeño. Most of these names come from indigenous languages
like Nahuatl.
The Baluarte Bridge is the highest cable-stayed bridge in the
world, the fifth-highest bridge overall and the highest bridge in the Americas.
The Mexican postal system
has its roots in the Aztec system of messengers which the Spanish adopted after the
Conquest. A postal service was established in 1580, mainly to communicate
between the viceroyalty of New Spain with the motherland Spain. During the 18th
century, Spain established a formal postal system with regular routes. In 1856,
Mexico issued its first adhesive postage stamps, with "district overprints", a unique
feature among postal systems worldwide, employed to protect from theft of
postage stamps. In the 1820s both the British and French began packet service
to Veracruz. A British postal agent operated at Veracruz 1825–1874 and at Tampico from around 1840 to 1876. While both were supplied
with British stamps, only the Tampico stamps were used (obliterator
"C76"). The British service ran continuously until 1914, while French
service ended in 1835, was restored in 1862 as the Ligne de Mexico
and continued until 1939.
Next to the Mexican,
British and French post offices and agents, Mexico had a good number of forwarding agents,
most of which operated in the 19th century. From 1975 to 1993, Mexico issued a
series of definitive regular and airmail stamps in a uniform style depicting a
great variety of products Mexico exports, such as beef, bicycles. tomatoes and
chemicals, each stamp bearing the Exporta Logo. In 2005, a Mexican stamp issue,
part of a series commemorating Mexican cartoons, was the subject of widespread
media attention.
This airmail cover sent by Carlos from Mexico. He lives in USA but visit Mexico frequently and also travel a lot. The cover posted on September 10, 2015, and i received on October 13,2015.
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